Ethical indecency and fineness have paramount importance in ethics. If it is denied, ethics will be considered relative. In this article, its definitions and aspects will be discussed using the Islamic sources.The data have been collected from reliable Islamic sources and search engines such as Yahoo, Google, and Iran Medex using key words such as innate goodness and badness, ethical indecency and fineness and rational deductions.The five found definitions are "compatibility and incompatibility with habitude", "aims agreement", "perfection and imperfection", admiration and criticism and innate tendencies. Human humors can be defined as brutal humor and spiritual humor. The first definition doesn’t give us a scale to differentiate ethical from unethical issues and the second one can t prove spiritual deeds comprehensively; unless its correctness has been accepted. The aims have three types: individual aims, common aims and favorable aims. Individual aims lead to ethical chaos but common aims can support ethics. Common aims neither clarify the essence of an action nor concern innate "goodness and badness". They are really the explanations for reasonable indecency or fineness. Favorable aims seek God's satisfaction and need good intends. Perfection and imperfection is actually another expression for compatibility with humor. "Admiration and criticism" is the only definition of optional conducts. It is defined as "appropriateness of admiration and criticism", "order of admiration and criticism", "having capability to be admired or criticized", "admiration and criticism by themselves" and "the wise opinions for admiration or criticism". Innate tendencies are another explanation for compatibility with humor.In defining ethical indecency and fineness, we should consider standards with ethical applications like compatibility with celestial humor, perfection and imperfection, innate tendencies and common aims.

Introduction: Reduced availability of water resources in many arid countries including Iran, particularly in response to the indiscriminate harvesting of water reservoirs and climate change, has created concerns. Therefore, the sustainable use of water resources especially in agriculture is a necessity for these countries. Strategies such as deficit irrigation and superabsorbent application are two important ways for improving water use efficiency in agricultural lands. In deficit irrigation the crop must be irrigated less than its required water. Therefore, some reduction may occur in crop yield, but the savings in water will improve the water use efficiency (Akbari Nodehi, 2011). Superabsorbent polymers also increase the nutrients and water holding capacity of soil for a long time and thereby reduce crop water requirement. However, the effectiveness of these materials could be affected by dehydration frequencies, temperature and irrigation water quality (Karimi et al., 2009). Due to the limitation of water resources in many parts of Iran, the aim of this study was to investigate the possibility of cotton production under deficit irrigation along with application of different rates of superabsorbent. In addition, simulation of superabsorbent efficiency at different levels of salinity, temperature and dehydration frequencies (swelling and de-swelling) were the other objectives in this study.Materials and methods: 1. Laboratory experiments In these experiments the effects of temperature (4, 10, 20, 30 and 40oC), salinity (0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75 and 1% NaCl solutions at two temperatures of 10 and 25oC) and frequency of partial dehydration (from 1 to 5 stages watering and 70% dewatering) were simulated on water absorption capacity of superabsorbent polymer at laboratory of environmental stresses, Sarayan Faculty of Agriculture, Birjand University.2- Field experiment This experiment was designed at Research Station of Sarayan Faculty of Agriculture, Birjand University, Iran, during 2014. The experiment was carried out as factorial arrangement based on randomized complete block design with three replications. Study factors were consisted of different levels of superabsorbent (0, 30, 60 and 90 kg.ha-1) and deficit irrigation [irrigation intervals of 12 (control), 15 and 18 days equal to  ~120, 155 and 190 mm evaporation from pan, respectively]. Seeds of cotton (Khordad cultivar) were sown in 20 June, with 60×25 cm distances in 3×4 m plots. The harvesting of cotton was performed at three times on 27 Oct, 10 Nov and 17 Nov. At the end of experimental period the yield and quality indices of produced fibers including fiber length, uniformity index, strength, elasticity, fineness (micronaire), brightness, yellowing, ripening ratio and short fibers percentages were measured. Finally, statistical analysis was employed by using the Duncan’s multiple range test at the 5% level of probability.Results and discussion: Results of laboratory experiments showed that salinity had considerable negative effects on water absorption capacity of superabsorbent in both 10 and 25oC temperatures. The amount of water absorbed by superabsorbent reduced by 73% and 85% by increasing salinity from 0 to 0.25% and to 1%, respectively. In addition, the effect of temperature changes was significant on the water absorption capacity of superabsorbent. The highest value of water absorbed by the superabsorbent was obtained at 20oC treatment. The amounts of water absorbed at 20oC, were 8% and 13% higher than 4oC and 40oC, respectively. In similar study it has been concluded that swelling of polyaspartic acid hydrogels decreased when the temperature of the aqueous media increased from 25oC to 60oC (Zhao et al., 2005). The amounts of water absorption ability of superabsorbent during 1 to 5 watering and dewatering cycles were 266, 311, 334, 340 and 355 g g-1, respectively. Results of field experiment showed that cotton yield was significantly affected by irrigation management and superabsorbent application. Application of 60 kg ha-1 superabsorbent along with irrigation intervals of 15 days was the best combined treatment in terms of fiber production. Moreover, experimental factors had no negative effect on the quality indices of produced fibers.Conclusion: Results of this experiment showed that superabsorbent application and deficit irrigation are the two potential strategies for cotton production in semi-arid regions, especially if low saline water sources are used.

In this paper the relation of compressive strength of portland cement at 28 days with it's phases and fineness in completing of the Bogue's experimental formula have been contemplated. The laboratory results indicate that there is a direct relationship between phases and fineness of the cement with its compressive strength. In the proposed experimental formulas, the portion of each cement phase and its fineness has been given by coefficients. For any given value of the phases and fineness of cement, the compressive strength could be obtained with acceptable precision.        

This experimental work is a contribution to the improvement of the properties of the concretes by mechanical activation (fineness) of two types of cements (C.E.M II) manufactured in various cement factories (cements with various mineral additions: slag and tuff). The physical properties of cements (C.E.M II) activated mechanically at anhydrous state and the state hydrated (specific weight, consistency of the cement pastes, setting times and shrinkage) thus the characteristics of the concretes made at their bases, such as the mechanical behavior (compressive strength for the concrete) are studied. According to the experimental results obtained, it comes that the increase of the specific surface and the chemical composition of cements to the mineral additions are the principal responsibles to the improvement of the latent reactivity of mineral additions and the increase of the mechanical strengths of the concretes.

Introduction: Clinical use of the late responses during routine neurophysiological examination has significantly increased the diagnostic yield of the neurophysiological evaluation. The H max to M max ratio (H/M ratio) is considered a suitable index for illustrating the level of reflex excitability of the motor pool.Methods: In this study posterior tibial nerve H/M ratio changes in cerebrovascular accidents (CVA) evaluated. This investigation was carried out in 22 normal subjects aged 40-65 years with mean 52 years, and in 40 patients with CVA aged 42-63 years with mean 57 years.Results: In normal subjects no significant differences were found between the mean values observed between right and left sides. In patients significant increased H/M ratios in both sides with more in non-plegic leg (P<0.01) were found. The facilitation of Babinsky sign in patients is significantly associated with low H/M ratios (P=0.003). The H/M ratio changes were not significantly associated with severity of hemiplegia (P=0.3 for lower extremities, P=0.9 for upper extremities). The H/M ratio was increased in ischemic lesions (P<0.01), but in intracerebral hemorrhages the soleus H/M ratio increases in non-plegic side the same as the plegic side.Conclusion: The posterior tibial nerve H/M ratios are increased in CVA bilaterally due to decreased presynaptic inhibition Ia terminals, thus amplitude of H reflexes increased without increased amplitude of M response.

The method of selection of the study design decides the type of analysis 10 be used. Case-Control studies assess the causes of a particular outcome, comparing a group of individuals who have experienced the outcome under study with a group who have net.Results appear as a two by two table. As these two groups are sampled separately, the rate of the disease in the exposed or unexposed groups can not be calculated. However, the Odds Ratio can be obtained. The Odds Ratio is sometimes referred to as the cross product ratio.                        Cases                            Controls Exposed            a                                  b Unexposed         c                                  d Odds Ratio (a/b)I (c/d) = ad/bc

Today, energy produced from coal is economical compared to other sources but it faces a very serious waste problem. However, these wastes are evaluated by using them as mineral additives in cement, which leads to lower cement costs, saving resources, producing environmentally friendly cement, reducing CO2 gas, and producing high-strength cement. In this work, the pozzolanic properties of different types of fly ash (Afşin Elbistan C type and Çayırhan F type) are investigated. The fly ashes used in the study are first subjected to the milling process (10, 20, 30, 45, and 60 minutes), and then the 28 and 90-day pozzolanic activity index tests of the milled and unmilled ashes are performed. The results obtained show that the 28-day pozzolanic activity value of the ashes subjected to 20-, 30-, 45-, and 60-minute milling times are higher than the value specified in the standard, compared to the unmilled and 10 min milled fly ash. In addition, for all fly ash samples, the 90-day pozzolanic activity index results show that while the pozzolanic activity index value of Çayırhan (ÇYH) fly ash is higher than the standard value, that of Afşin Elbistan (AE) fly ash is lower than standard. The outcomes of the present study show that the mechanical properties of the fly ash are generated by the burning of coal increase after milling process, and thus can be used as a mineral additive. With the effect of grinding, both fly ash increase the pozzolanic activity. The results are determined with the experimental results obtained.